How To Improve The Indoor Air Quality At Home

Assessing and Improving Indoor Air Quality for Those Living with COPD

For those living with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or other respiratory conditions, a home should be a safe and breathable space. However, poor indoor air quality can exacerbate symptoms, increase lung inflammation, and reduce overall lung function. Since particulate matter (PM)—tiny airborne particles like dust, smoke, and pet dander—can penetrate the lungs, improving air quality is essential for respiratory health.

Lesley Williams, a Registered Respiratory Therapist at Apria with 35 years of experience, states, “Indoor air quality plays a crucial role in respiratory health. For individuals with COPD, reducing airborne pollutants and improving ventilation can significantly enhance breathing, lower symptom severity, and improve overall quality of life.”

This guide explores how indoor air pollutants impact COPD and offers practical steps to create a cleaner, healthier home environment.

How to Assess Indoor Air Quality

Regularly checking indoor air quality helps identify potential pollutants and maintain a COPD-friendly home. Here’s how to evaluate your air:

• DIY Observations – Notice unusual odors, musty smells, visible mold, or excessive dust buildup near vents.
• Monitor Symptoms – Increased coughing, sneezing, headaches, or fatigue could indicate poor air quality.
• Home Testing Kits – These kits are available at hardware stores and detect common air pollutants like mold, dust, and VOCs (volatile organic compounds).
• Professional Testing – For a comprehensive assessment, consider hiring an expert to analyze indoor air quality with specialized equipment.

Common Indoor Air Pollutants

Several airborne particles can worsen COPD symptoms and contribute to long-term lung damage, including:

• Dust & pet dander – Tiny particles that trigger allergies and respiratory irritation.
• Tobacco smoke – A major lung irritant that worsens COPD symptoms.
• Combustion fumes – From gas stoves, candles, and fireplaces, releasing harmful carbon monoxide and particulate matter.
• Mold spores – Thrive in damp environments, aggravating lung inflammation.
  Outdoor pollutants – Pollen, diesel exhaust, and smoke from wildfires can enter the home.

Ways to Improve Indoor Air Quality

Implementing these simple but effective strategies can help minimize indoor pollutants and create a lung-friendly environment:

1. Use an Air Purifier
   
   Invest in a high-quality air purifier with a HEPA filter to trap dust, pet dander, and other airborne particles. This is especially beneficial for bedrooms and frequently used living spaces.
   
   
2. Change Filters Regularly
   
   Replace HVAC and air purifier filters frequently to prevent pollutants from recirculating in your home. Opt for HEPA filters for maximum efficiency.
   
   
3. Wash Bedding & Fabrics Often
   
   Sheets, pillowcases, and blankets collect dust mites and allergens. To reduce exposure, wash them in hot water weekly and use allergen-proof covers.
   
   
4. Avoid Indoor Burning
   
   Wood-burning stoves, candles, and gas appliances release harmful pollutants. Consider switching to electric alternatives or improving ventilation when using combustion-based appliances.
   
   
5. Maintain a Smoke-Free Home
   
   Tobacco smoke is a leading cause of COPD. If you smoke, do it outdoors to prevent indoor air contamination.
   
   
6. Vacuum Frequently
   
   Use a HEPA-filtered vacuum to remove dust, pet hair, and debris from carpets and floors. High-traffic areas should be vacuumed every few days, while other rooms can be cleaned weekly.
   
   
7. Monitor Outdoor Air Quality
   
   Outdoor pollution affects indoor air more than many realize. Check the AirNow app to track the local Air Quality Index (AQI) and adjust your ventilation accordingly.
   
   
8. Open Windows on Good AQI Days
   
   When outdoor air quality is good, open windows and doors to let fresh air circulate and flush out indoor pollutants.
   
   
9. Improve Home Ventilation
   
   Poor ventilation leads to cooking fumes, pet dander, and smoke buildup. To improve airflow, use exhaust fans in kitchens and bathrooms.
   
   
10. Choose Natural Cleaning Products
    
    Many household cleaners contain harsh chemicals that can irritate the lungs. Switch to eco-friendly, plant-based products to reduce chemical exposure.
    
    
11. Add Air-Purifying Plants
    
    Certain houseplants, like peace lilies, snake plants, and spider plants, help absorb airborne toxins and improve air quality.
    
    
12. Control Humidity Levels
    
    Maintain optimal humidity (30-50%) to prevent mold growth and dry air irritation. Use a dehumidifier in damp areas and a humidifier in dry conditions.

Breathe Easier at Home

By improving indoor air quality, individuals with COPD can create a healthier home environment, reducing lung irritation and respiratory symptoms. Simple changes—like air purifiers, proper ventilation, and regular cleaning—can make a big difference in breathing easier and living better.

References
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American Lung, Association. “How Indoor Air Quality Impacts Your Lungs.” YouTube. Accessed March 4, 2025. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Aabz4MHXgT4.
Association, American Lung. “Chronic Bronchitis.” American Lung Association. Accessed March 4, 2025. https://www.lung.org/lung-health-diseases/lung-disease-lookup/chronic-bronchitis.
Association, American Lung. “Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD).” COPD - Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | American Lung Association. Accessed March 4, 2025. https://www.lung.org/lung-health-diseases/lung-disease-lookup/copd.
Association, American Lung. “Dust Mites.” American Lung Association. Accessed March 4, 2025. https://www.lung.org/clean-air/indoor-air/indoor-air-pollutants/dust-mites.
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Association, American Lung. “Mold and Dampness.” American Lung Association. Accessed March 4, 2025. https://www.lung.org/clean-air/indoor-air/indoor-air-pollutants/mold.
Association, American Lung. “Particulate Matter Indoors.” Indoors | American Lung Association. Accessed March 4, 2025. https://www.lung.org/clean-air/indoor-air/indoor-air-pollutants/particulate-matter.
Association, American Lung. “Pet Dander.” American Lung Association. Accessed March 4, 2025. https://www.lung.org/clean-air/indoor-air/indoor-air-pollutants/pet-dander.
Heffernan, Tim. “The Best Home Air Quality Monitor.” The New York Times, October 29, 2019. https://www.nytimes.com/wirecutter/reviews/best-home-air-quality-monitor/.
“How Often Should You Vacuum? Cleaning Experts Weigh In.” NBCNews.com, April 15, 2024. https://www.nbcnews.com/select/shopping/how-often-vacuum-rcna147861.
Lumley, Graham. “What Is a Heat Pump & How Do They Work?” BKV Energy, September 9, 2024. https://bkvenergy.com/blog/what-is-a-heat-pump/.
“Top 10 Air Purifying Houseplants - Advice - Westland Garden Health.” Garden Health, April 24, 2024. https://www.gardenhealth.com/advice/houseplant-care/top-ten-air-purifying-houseplants.
“What Is a HEPA Filter?” EPA. Accessed March 4, 2025. https://www.epa.gov/indoor-air-quality-iaq/what-hepa-filter. 

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